UKCNA · 第0课

OSCE 考试全解析

45 分钟20 对话

NMC能力测试第二部分就是OSCE（客观结构化临床考试）。共有10个考站，每一站都必须通过。本免费模块介绍考试当天的流程、每个考站考什么、考官如何评分，帮助你有信心地制定自学计划。考前请务必下载NMC最新的评分标准和考生手册。UKCNA与NMC没有隶属关系。

学完本课，您将能够

✓说明10个考站和APIE结构
✓解释考官如何为每个考站评分
✓了解2026年考站和时间的变化
✓制定切实可行的自学计划

测验得分达到80%即可完成本课并获得证书。

独立练习每个考站：启动计时器，像考官在场一样把每一步大声说出来，然后勾选已完成的步骤。目标是在规定时间内完成所有步骤。

考站 1 · 3 分钟

开场练习：自我介绍、核对身份、取得同意

03:00

自查步骤

0/8 步已完成

1. Clean hands and say why洗手并说明原因
2. Introduce yourself by name and role说出姓名和职责
3. Confirm name and date of birth against the wristband对照腕带核对姓名和出生日期
4. Explain what you will do and gain consent解释要做什么并取得同意
5. Close the curtain for privacy拉上帘子保护隐私
6. Ask about allergies and the reaction询问过敏史及反应
7. Ask about pain and score it 0–10询问疼痛并用0–10分评分
8. Finish: comfort, call bell, hand hygiene, document结束：确认舒适、放好呼叫铃、洗手、记录

考官看什么

安全、礼貌的开场：手卫生、姓名和身份、对照腕带核对患者身份、取得同意、保护隐私、询问过敏史。

A safe, polite opening: hand hygiene, name and role, positive patient identification against the wristband, consent, privacy and an allergy check.

词汇

10个考站(7)

Assessment station评估站

简明英语说法（向病人解释）：Assess the patient, for example A–E and a NEWS2 score, and record your findings.

Planning station计划站

简明英语说法（向病人解释）：Write a person-centred care plan from the assessment.

Implementation station实施站

简明英语说法（向病人解释）：Usually medicines administration: check the chart and give the drug safely.

Evaluation station评价站

简明英语说法（向病人解释）：Re-assess, document and hand over using SBAR.

Clinical skills stations (×4)临床技能站（4个）

简明英语说法（向病人解释）：Skills such as ANTT wound care, catheter care, injections, stockings or a pre-op checklist.

Professional values station职业价值站

简明英语说法（向病人解释）：A silent written station: read a scenario and answer questions using the NMC Code.

Evidence-based practice station循证实践站

简明英语说法（向病人解释）：A silent written station: read a research summary and answer questions.

考试术语(7)

APIE评估-计划-实施-评价

简明英语说法（向病人解释）：Assessment, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation: four linked stations on one patient case.

Silent station静默考站

简明英语说法（向病人解释）：A written station where you do not talk to anyone.

Marking criteria评分标准

简明英语说法（向病人解释）：The checklist the examiner uses. Download the current version from the NMC website.

Critical error严重错误

简明英语说法（向病人解释）：An unsafe action, for example giving a drug without checking for allergies. It can fail the station.

Verbalise your rationale说出你的理由

简明英语说法（向病人解释）：Say out loud what you are doing and why.

Resit补考

简明英语说法（向病人解释）：You only resit the stations you failed. Check current fees on the NMC website.

Test centre考试中心

简明英语说法（向病人解释）：Oxford Brookes, Northampton, Ulster or Leeds Teaching Hospitals.

每站的开场(5)

Hand hygiene手卫生

简明英语说法（向病人解释）：Clean your hands at the start and the end of every patient station.

Introduce yourself自我介绍

简明英语说法（向病人解释）：“Hello, my name is … and I’m one of the nurses.”

Confirm identity核对身份

简明英语说法（向病人解释）：Name and date of birth, checked against the wristband.

Gain consent取得同意

简明英语说法（向病人解释）：“Is it OK if I …?”

Privacy and dignity隐私与尊严

简明英语说法（向病人解释）：Close the curtain and keep the patient covered.

对话

1Opening a station
护士
Hello, my name is Li and I’m one of the nurses looking after you today.
您好，我叫李，是今天负责照顾您的护士之一。
患者
Hello, nice to meet you.
您好，很高兴认识你。
2
护士
Can you tell me your full name and date of birth, please?
请告诉我您的全名和出生日期好吗？
患者
John Smith, the third of May, 1958.
约翰·史密斯，1958年5月3日。
3
护士
Thank you. I’ll just check that against your wristband.
谢谢。我核对一下您的腕带。
患者
Of course, here you are.
当然，给你。
4
护士
I’d like to check your observations. Is that all right with you?
我想给您测量生命体征，可以吗？
患者
Yes, that’s fine.
可以。
5Verbalising the rationale
护士
I’m going to clean my hands first to reduce the risk of infection.
我先洗手，以降低感染风险。
患者
Thank you.
谢谢。
6
护士
I’ll close the curtain to give you some privacy.
我把帘子拉上，保护您的隐私。
患者
That’s kind of you.
你真贴心。
7
护士
Do you have any allergies to medicines, food or plasters?
您对药物、食物或胶布过敏吗？
患者
Yes, I’m allergic to penicillin.
有，我对青霉素过敏。
8
护士
What happens when you take penicillin?
您用青霉素后会有什么反应？
患者
I come out in a rash all over.
全身起皮疹。
9
护士
Thank you, I’ll make sure that is clearly recorded.
谢谢，我会确保把这一点清楚记录下来。
患者
Good, I worry about that.
好，我很担心这个。
10
护士
Are you in any pain at the moment?
您现在有疼痛吗？
患者
A little, in my lower back.
有一点，腰下面。
11
护士
On a scale of nought to ten, where ten is the worst pain, what would you give it?
如果用0到10分来打分，10分是最痛，您会打几分？
患者
About a four.
大概4分。
12
护士
Is there anything you would like to ask me before I start?
开始之前您有什么想问的吗？
患者
How long will this take?
这要多长时间？
13
护士
Only a few minutes. Please tell me if you feel uncomfortable at any point.
只要几分钟。任何时候不舒服请告诉我。
患者
All right, I will.
好的，我会的。
14Closing a station
护士
I have finished now. Are you comfortable?
我已经做完了。您舒服吗？
患者
Yes, thank you.
舒服，谢谢。
15
护士
I’ll leave the call bell here, within your reach.
我把呼叫铃放在您够得到的地方。
患者
Thank you, that’s helpful.
谢谢，这样很方便。
16
护士
I’m going to clean my hands again and document what I have done.
我再洗一次手，然后记录我做过的操作。
患者
OK.
好的。
17At the test centre
陪诊员
You have twenty minutes for this station. You may begin when you are ready.
本站有20分钟。准备好后可以开始。
护士
Thank you. May I read the scenario first?
谢谢。我可以先读一下情境吗？
18
护士
Excuse me, should I talk the examiner through what I am doing?
请问，我需要向考官讲解我正在做什么吗？
陪诊员
Yes, please say what you are doing and why.
是的，请说出你在做什么以及原因。
19
护士
If I don’t know the answer, should I escalate to the nurse in charge?
如果我不知道答案，我应该上报给主管护士吗？
陪诊员
Yes, always escalate if it is outside your competence.
是的，超出你的能力范围时一定要上报。
20
护士
I would like to finish by checking whether the patient has any other concerns.
最后我想确认患者是否还有其他担忧。
患者
No, I think that’s everything. Thank you, nurse.
没有了，我想就这些。谢谢护士。

常用句型

Hello, my name is … and I’m one of the nurses.
您好，我叫……，是这里的护士之一。
Can you confirm your name and date of birth, please?
请确认您的姓名和出生日期。
Is it all right if I …?
我可以……吗？
I am doing this because …
我这样做是因为……
I would escalate this to the nurse in charge.
我会把这个情况上报给主管护士。
Is there anything else you would like to ask me?
您还有其他想问的吗？

技巧与文化

边做边说

考官只能根据看到和听到的内容评分。很多考生做对了却没说出来，因而丢分。请说出你在做什么、为什么这样做：“我在检查有效期，因为过期药物可能无效甚至对患者有害。”

以人为本，而不是以任务为本

很多中国医院训练护士快速完成任务。英国OSCE更看重让患者参与：征求同意、解释、提供选择、确认舒适度。请放慢节奏，让患者成为每一步的合作伙伴。

测验（答案在末尾）

1. How many stations are in the NMC OSCE?
A) 6 B) 8 C) 10 D) 12
2. What does APIE stand for?
A) Assess, Plan, Inform, Educate B) Assessment, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation C) Airway, Pulse, Infection, Exposure D) Admit, Prescribe, Inject, Explain
3. Which two stations are silent written stations?
A) Assessment and Planning B) Professional values and Evidence-based practice C) Two clinical skills D) Implementation and Evaluation
4. If you fail two stations, what do you resit?
A) The whole OSCE B) Only the two stations you failed C) All four APIE stations D) Part 1 as well
5. Why should you verbalise your rationale?
A) To fill the time B) Because examiners can only mark what they see and hear C) It is required by law D) To distract the patient
6. What should you do first when you enter a patient station?
A) Give the medicine B) Clean your hands and introduce yourself C) Read the notes aloud D) Take the blood pressure
7. What is a critical error?
A) A spelling mistake B) An unsafe action that can fail the station C) Running out of time by one second D) Forgetting the patient’s first name
8. Where should you get the current marking criteria?
A) A social media group B) The NMC website C) A friend who passed last year D) The test centre car park
Answers: 1C · 2B · 3B · 4B · 5B · 6B · 7B · 8B

下一课1. 评估考站：ABCDE 与 NEWS2